1919.06.10: DYNAMITE LOUISE LINKED WITH 'J.M.' CLUE IN BOMB PLOT

June 10, 1910

DYNAMITE LOUISE LINKED WITH 'J.M.' CLUE IN BOMB PLOT

Letter Known to Have Been Sent to Her by Slain Assassin. 

Following a report today that the anarchist who was destroyed by his own bomb that last week at the home of Attorney General Palmer, in Washington, had been partially identified as a man whose initials were “J.M.,” detectives and secret service men in New York began a hunt for the “J.M.” who is known to have written a letter from No. 540 East 45th Street to the Red leader known as “Dynamite Louise” Berger.

“Dynamite Louise,” whose half-brother, Chris [sic] Hanson, was one of the three anarchists blown to pieces at 140th Street and Lexington Avenue on July 4, 1914 has not been heard from by the police since she was reported to have gone to Russia a year or two ago. She is said to have been a frank and open exponent of violence.

The house-to-house search for the mysterious “J.M.” in the East 45th Street neighborhood was scarcely second in interest today among the hunters of anarchists to the report that Detective Sergeant James J. Gogan had hurriedly left New York at midnight with two suit cases filled with photographs and manuscripts bearing on the case.

Gogan, formerly head of the local Bomb Squad, is said to have a knowledge of Reds and I.W.W.’s second to that of no other policeman in the country. While he would not say where he was going, his destination is believed to have been Bessemer, Pa., the Chief of Police of which city was sure yesterday that he had found the place where the bombs were made for the recent opening of the Red “was” on capitalism.

Gogan is known to have received a long distance call last night at his home in Brooklyn, and following a long talk over the wire was in conference with Second Deputy Police Commissioner Lahey. Two New York detectives were sent to Bessemer yesterday from Philadelphia and two more from Pittsburgh. It is supposed to be one of these men who called Gogan up last night.

Because of the particular fondness of the Anarchists for demonstrations on anniversaries. 300 policemen in plain clothes were sent out today in New York to guard public buildings, homes of public officials and prominent citizens, churches and other institutions.

The plain clothes guard will be continued, it was said, up to and including July 11, Bastile Day. Today was the anniversary of the execution of the French Anarchist Ravachel,…

1914.07.12: 1,000 MEN HOLD REDS IN ORDER AT FUNERAL FOR BOMB VICTIMS

July 12, 1914

1,000 MEN HOLD REDS IN ORDER AT FUNERAL FOR BOMB VICTIMS

1914.07.09: FOUR ARE KILLED IN ANARCHISTS' DEN

July 9, 1914

FOUR ARE KILLED IN ANARCHISTS' DEN

NEW YORK POLICE BELIEVE BOMB PLANT HAS BEEN DESTROYED

THINK EXPLOSION ACCIDENTAL

Friends of Victims Charge Murder, However--Much Inflammatory Literature Gives Officers Clew [sic] to Work on.

New York, July 7.--In the ruins of the Lexington avenue tenement house,wrecked Saturday by the premature explosion of a powerful bomb which killed Arthur Caron and three other persons, the authorities have found evidence that Caron's apartment was a center for the distribution of inflammatory literature which was printed there and that at the time of the explosion it was apparently a bomb factory, filled with the ingredients of death dealing missles [sic]. A small printing press, revolutionary pamphlets and circulars, an electric dynamo, two electric batteries, cartridges and bits of steel, were among the articles uncovered which tend, in the opinion of the police, to show an anarchistic plot at assassination.

Theory of Police

That a demonstration, halted by the bungling of some one who was preparing an infernal machine for its mission, was planned against the Rockefeller family in Tarrytown, is the theory upon which the authorities are working.

Two of those killed in the wrecked, apartment were prominent agitators who were to be placed on trial at Tarrytown today on charges of disorderly conduct in connection with the campaign of demonstration inaugurated against John D. Rockefeller, Jr., as a protest against his attitude in the Colorado coal mine strike.

The body of the fourth victim of the explosion has Just been found. It is that of Chas. Berger [sic], known in I. W. W. circles as "the big Swede," an associate of Caron. The other victims were Chas. [sic] Hanson and Mary Claves [sic]. 

The woman lived in an apartment; next to the one occupied by Caron and his associates.

Identification of Berger's [sic] body was made by Louise Berger, step-sister of Hanson, who lived in the flat where the explosion occurred.

Not An I. W. W.

Equally as interesting as the discovery of anarchistic literature and electrical machinery in the ruins of Caron's room, was the assertion by I. W. W. leaders that Caron was not a member of that organization, having recently been refused admission.

They declared that the I. W. W. had nothing to do with the explosion. Why Caron was denied a place among the workers was a point they did not make clear.

A gruesome but suggestive piece of evidence was a severed hand which clutched two small pieces of wire made ready for connections. The authorities believe that the owner of this, hand' was in the act of making an electric connection for one of the bombs and a battery when the explosion occurred
and he was blown to pieces.

Attack on Christianity.

The search for papers and notes was minute and some note books with the names of several anarchists were, found, but the police would not say any of them was important as documentary
evidence of a plot. There were also pamphlets which had been sold at I. W. W. meetings. One poem,
a vitriolic attack on Christianity is believed to have been on the little press.

Louise Berger declared that the three men who died in the explosion were murdered. She made this statement as she was being taken from the morgue, where she had identified Berg's body, to a police station for further questioning.

"Those boys were murdered, I know they were," she said.

Asked if she would continue her membership in tbe anti-militarist association, she replied:

"Why, of course. Why shouldn't I. Do they think that by killing some of our members they can destroy our organization. Well, they can't, nor will I rest until 1 have run down the murderers of my brother and the other boys."

1914.07.08: MISSING MURPHY HAS BOMB SECRET

July 7, 1914

MISSING MURPHY HAS BOMB SECRET

Police Unable to Locate Man, Who Survived Explosion.

SAY FOES SENT DYNAMITE.

Police Anxious to Locate Man Who Disappeared — Berkman Insists That No I. W. W. Members Were Manufacturing Bomb — Thinks Enemies of Caron Responsible For Outrage.

New York, July 6.--The whereabouts of Michael Murphy, the young I.W.W. sympathizer who escaped death in Saturday's bomb explosion in the flat of Charles Berg on Lexington avenue is still unknown to the police. It is believed that with his reappearance would come at least a partial solution of the bomb mystery.

The police feel sure that Murphy was in the flat at the time the explosion killed Arthur Caron. Carl Hanson and Charles Berg. I. W. W. sympathizers, and Mrs. Marie Chavez, who lived in another flat in the same building. Murphy fell through two stories in a mass of debris. With his clothing all but torn from him he ran to the East One Hundred and Fourth street police station, and, claiming that he had been slightly injured in a subway explosion, obtained a coat to cover his almost naked shoulders. He then telephoned news of the disaster to Alexander Berkman and was told to go to Wesheld, N. J., where Leonard Abbott, head of the Ferrer school, was giving a ????. He then dropped out of sight.

Deputy Commissioner of Police Rubin and Acting Captain Jones, who are in charge of the case, say that Murphy, so far as they know, has committed no crime and cannot be brought back to the city if he desires to stay away, but it is thought that Murphy's hands [hold] the secret of the death dealing bomb and its makers.

Says Foes Sent Bomb.

Berkman still insists that the bomb was not made in the Berg flat, but that the three men and Mrs. Chavez were murdered by enemies who sent the bomb to the flat. Berkman and other friends of Caron insist that the dead man always was opposed to violence and never had preached it in any of his public speeches. The fact that his body was perfectly recognizable argues, his friends say, that he was not connected with the bomb plot. Caron was killed by a blow on the back of the head from a piece of flying debris.

Although Caron was violently beaten by the police last May in Union square, he never had threatened violence against them. His strong arguments, those familiar with him contend, have been always for organization. Throughout the entire winter and spring, as the young graduate of the Worcester polytechnic school waxed more and more violent of tongue, he continued to use the same plan. He did not fear violence, but he argued that the time for it had not yet come.

In speech after speech he declared that the anarchists were not strong enough for violence. he used vile language often and had a remarkable flow of invective, much of which was directed at John D. Rockefeller, Jr., but invariably avoided advocacy of violence. he spoke of Marie Ganz, the girl who declared she was going to "shoot Rockefeller like a dog," as a "poor little music hall fool."

1914.07.08: BOMBMAKERS ARE CREMATED DESPITE PROTEST OF ‘REDS’

July 8, 1914

BOMBMAKERS ARE CREMATED DESPITE PROTEST OF ‘REDS’

Berkman and Friends Follow Bomb Victims—Declare Meeting Will Be Held.

The bodies of Arthur Caron, Carl Berg and Charles Hanson, victims of the premature explosion of their own bomb in the tenement at No. 1626 Lexington avenue Saturday, were cremated this afternoon at Fresh Pond, L.I. They were saved from potter’s field, where Health Commissioner Goldwater was ready to order them, by the submission of Alexander Berkman and his fellow Anarchists to the mandate of the authorities that there could be no public funeral and demonstration over the bodies next Saturday in Union Square.

But Berkman insisted that a demonstration would be held and that the ashes of the dead would be substituted for the bodies, despite objections of Mayor Mitchel and Police Commissioner Woods. His plans include speeches by himself, Charles Plunkett, Pietro Allegra, Arthur Sullivan, Carlo Tresco and Elizabeth Gurley Flynn. Berkman notified members of the Anti-Militarist League of a meeting tonight in the Ferrer School to raise money for this demonstration and for the funerals.

The removal of the bodies from the Bellevue morgue ended a situation which was becoming embarrassing to the authorities, who did not wish to appear to discriminate against the “reds,” it was accomplished, however only after a final protest from Berkman, who contended that he was not sure of the identification of Berg and Hanson, only parts of whose bodies were found, and a violent objection by Becky Edelson, who got Commissioner Goldwater on the phone from the morgue and demanded that the bodies be held till the missing parts had been found.

DECLARES PRECEDENT WAS ESTABLISHED IN TRIANGLE FIRE.

“Your department established a precedent in the Triangle fire,” declared the young woman, apparently in answer to Mr. Goldwater’s objection that he didn’t care to establish a precedent for the retention of bodies beyond the legal ninety-six hours.

“Those bodies were kept for two weeks and you are discriminating agains us because we are the sort of people you don’t like. If you are allowing your department to be bulldozed by other officials I am sorry for you.”

But Mr. Goldwater was firm, although he had already granted an extension from 10 o’clock until noon

(Continued on Second Page)

DEAD ARE CREMATED DESPITE PROTESTS OF THE ANARCHISTS

(Continued from First Page)

At the request of the undertaker, who declared he could not make the bodies ready, so it was a few minutes before 12 o’clock when the band of a score of Reds marched into the morgue and passed around Caron’s coffin.

Leonard Abbott and Berkman were there. Becky Edelson supported Louise Berger, in whose flat the explosion occurred and who collapsed when she found her half-brother’s body must be buried “piecemeal,” as she expressed it. Isidor Wisotsky, Charles Plunkitt [sic], Rose and Marie Yuster and little Lillian Rubel, in short skirts, were in line.

Each wore a mourning band of black, four inches wide, on which was sewn an inch and a half strip of red, and each carried a red carnation, which was dropped on the coffin as the line passed. Then the mourners lined up ten abreast in front of the morgue and followed the two hearses bearing the bodies to the Thirty-fourth street ferry.

OPERATORS HIRED BY BERKMAN CLICKED THEIR CAMERAS.

Moving picture cameras clicked as the procession advanced and dozens of policemen lined the streets, for large crowds gathered on every curbstone, but there was no disorder and the parade, being a funeral procession, was not interfered with.

There were no services when the crematory was reached, except the playing of the “Marseillaise” on the pipe organ and a short speech by Berkman, in which he repeated that there would be public memorial services in Union Square at 2 o’clock Saturday, to which the urns of ashes would be brought from the office of Mother Earth, No. 74 West One Hundred and Nineteenth street, by a band of paraders.

Then two big doors in the chapel were thrown open and the plain pine coffins were disclosed on the movable platform which was to carry them into the cremating furnaces. The platform began to move, the doors of the furnace swung open and the coffins disappeared behind them. Louise Berger, already faint with grief and excitement, nearly collapsed.

There was another spectacle in store, however for Berkman invited all who would—and nearly every one accepted—to a plate glass window in the rear of the furnaces, where the gas flames were seen playing about the coffins until they were concealed by the fire. Then sliding doors shut off this view and Berkman and the others returned to Manhattan.

Mrs. Marie Chavez, an innocent victim of the explosion, was not buried today. Her husband, Pastor Chaves, a Cuban cigarmaker, arrived from his home in Tampa Fla., and said he would take charge of the body, although he had been separated from his wife for several years.

1914.07.07: MURPHY FLEES CITY, FEARING FRAME-UP

July 7, 1914

MURPHY FLEES CITY, FEARING FRAME-UP

Police Can't Find Only Man Who Escaped Alive from the Room Where Bombmakers Died.

BERKMAN ADMITS HE'S GONE

Caron's Mother Won't Claim Body--Aldermen to Prevent Public Funeral--Delay Tarrytown Trials.

...

1914.07.06: FIND BERG'S BODY IN BOMB WRECKAGE

July 6, 1914

FIND BERG'S BODY IN BOMB WRECKAGE

Head and Feet Blown Off and the Trunk Pinned to the Wall by a Pile of Debris.

POLICE HUNT FOR MURPHY

Believe He Can Tell of Others Concerned in Conspiracy Against Rockefeller.

VICTIMS TO BE CREMATED

Anarchist Berkman Plans a Public Funeral and Warns Justice Moorhouse to "Go Easy" Today.

...

1914.07.05: ANARCHIST BOMB, BELIEVED FOR ROCKEFELLER, KILLS THREE I. W. W. MAKERS AND A WOMAN—INJURES MANY—WRECKS TENEMENT HOUSE

July 5, 1914

ANARCHIST BOMB, BELIEVED FOR ROCKEFELLER, KILLS THREE I. W. W. MAKERS AND A WOMAN—INJURES MANY—WRECKS TENEMENT HOUSE

Infernal Machine Planned for Use at Tarrytown Tomorrow. Say Police.

BODIES OF TWO ARE BLOWN TO PIECES

Arthur Caron Dead on Fire Escape—Thirty-four Families in Peril.

ONE CONSPIRATOR HAS MARVELOUS ESCAPE

Mike Murphy Drops With Bed Through Two Floors and Escapes Unhurt.

A dynamite bomb of terrific. strength, supposed to have been completed early yesterday morning for use at Tarrytown when the dozen or more I. W. W. agitators recently arrested near the summer home of John D. Rockefeller will be arraigned, exploded a few minutes after 9 o'clock yesterday morning in the top floor rooms of the flathouse at 1626 Lexington avenue, between 102d and 103d streets, on the west side of the avenue.

Three young anarchists, all identified with the recent disturbances of the unemployed and all implicated in the fights near Mr. Rockefeller’s Tarrytown home, and a woman living in the rooms next to theirs were killed. The body of one anarchist was shattered so that the pieces were gathered up in newspapers.

THE DEAD:

CARON, ARTHUR, 24 years old, unmarried; lived in apartment 35, sixth floor front.

BERG, CHARLES, lived with Caron.

HANSON, CARL, about 30 years old, also lived with Caron.

CHAVEZ, MRS. MARIE, 35 years old; lived in adjoining apartment.

THE INURED:

ALBIN, Mrs. Lillian, a widow, 45 years old; body bruises, taken to Harlem Hospital.

CASAMENTE, Peter, 29 years old, a salesman; lives at 2416 Belmont avenue, the Bronx; head and body badly cut, may die; taken to the Reception Hospital; was buried for three hours in wreckage in the basement of the house.

LEBEN, Isidor, 129 East 102d street, a tailor; body bruises; taken to Harlem Hospital.

D’ANGELO, Vincent, 29 years, top floor rear; right arm fractured, lacerations of body; removed to Metropolitan Hospital from Reception Hospital.

MAAS, Mrs. Ella, of 129 East 102d street, 30 years old; suffering from hysteria.

METROPOLO, Max D., 68 years old; left leg hurt; taken to Flower Hospital.

ROCKLEY, Lena, 20 years old; feet cut; in care of friends.

All three of the men who were killed and a woman who lived in the flat with them had attended a meeting the night before at the Francisco Ferrer Association’s school at 63 East 107th street, where, with Leonard Abbott, president of the Free Speech League; Alexander Berkman, the anarchist, who served time for shooting Henry C. Frick and others who have been making demonstrations against the Rockefellers in Broadway and at Tarrytown, they talked over the visit to Tarrytown tomorrow. 

Bits of Wire in Fingers. 

Imbedded in the thumb and fingers of part of a hand found by Assistant District Attorney Walter R. Deuel and the police late last evening in a room adjoining the one in which the explosion occurred were bits of copper wire such as might be used to set off a bomb.

The bomb literally blew off the southern part of the three upper floors of the sick story building and hurled the right shoulder and part of the scalp of one man over the room of the German Evangelical Church next door and onto the pavement of 103d street, half a block north.

Amid the wreckage of the room, where portions of bodies were found, Inspector Cahalane and detectives dug out of the debris a printing press, piles of books and pamphlets in various languages on anarchistic subjects, a loaded magazine pistol, a blackjack, a quantity of large caliber rifle cartridges and the tops of two storage batteries.

One leaflet, evidently printed on the hand press in the anarchists’ rooms, was headed “Bulletin No. 2” and read: “Why wait longer for these money tyrants to come to our terms? We must employ force. Force is our remedy.”

July 5, 1914

I.W.W. BOMB KILLS FOUR—WRECKS BUILDING

When the dust of the explosion had settled slightly the crowds of panic stricken people in the streets cold see the body of the man thought to be the bomb maker. Arthur Caron, an agitator who was arrested during the Union Square riots of the unemployed and who was to have been arraigned with the I.W.W. prisoners at Tarrytown tomorrow.

Caron, who was born of French parents in Connecticut twenty-four years ago, lay dead across the fourth floor fire escape, or what was left of it, two floors below his own room on the front of the Lexington avenue side of the building. The back of his head was badly shattered and the bones of his arms and legs were broken. The dynamite had blown away all of his clothing except a shirt, collar and tie and a pair of garters.

Charles Berg, with Caron, Carl Hanson, Hanson’s stepsister, Louise Berger, and a man who calls himself Mike Murphy, but is thought to be Michael Auspenti, occupied the three room apartment together. Bits of ribs and pieces of flesh found later are thought to be all that the explosion left of Berg.

Alexander Berkman later identified by the hair the piece of scalp and armless shoulder picked up in 103d street as a part of Carl Hanson.

Rescuers soon after the explosion found the body of Mrs. Marie Chavez, who occupied the adjoining rooms to Caron and the others down on the fourth floor, where it had fallen from the sixth floor through holes in the flooring.

Louise Berger, Hanson’s stepsister, had left the flat a few minutes before the explosion and was talking to Alexander Berkman at the publication office of Mother Earth, which is also the home of Emma Goldman, who is away and Berkman, when the bomb exploded.

Auspenti, or Murphy, was in bed at the time. Bed and sleeper dropped through two floors where wreckage formed an arch over Auspenti. The police and firemen dug him out dazed, but unharmed.

A leg supposed to have been Hanson’s was found on the roof of 129 East 102d street, a block south of where part of his torso was found. The back of his head was lying in 103d street near Lexington avenue, about thirty feet from the torso. 

Injured May All Recover. 

The injured all are expected to recover. Mr. and Mrs. Forgang and two children, who lived on the first floor, and Mr. and Mrs. Schauber, who had a flat on the third floor, were missing last night. There is a probability, however, that these occupants of the building, in which were about 140 people at the time of the explosion, may have gone to the home of friends unharmed.

With the aid of the District Attorney’s office the police immediately began an examination of all the anarchists and members of the I.W.W that they could lay hands on. 

Anarchists Rounded Up. 

Marie Ganz, just out of prison where she served sixty days for threatening to kill the Rockefellers, was questioned at length by Assistant District Attorney Walter R. Deuel and Deputy Police commissioner Joseph Rubin. Alexander Berkman, leader of the local anarchists; Julius Salmon, one of his followers, and others were rounded up outside the Ferrer School and elsewhere and taken to the East 104rh street police station to be cross-examined.

The preliminary work of the police and the District Attorney’s office had not succeeded in establishing any connection between Caron and the explosion. Berkman, Marie Ganz, Salmon and others declared that if Caron was working with dynamite or other high explosives they had no knowledge of it. They were inclined to scout the idea.

The explosion occurred at 9:25 o’clock in the morning, when many of the thirty-four families in the house were hardly out of bed for the holiday.

Policeman Thomas Lamb, who was at the southeast corner of 104th street and Lexington avenue, and Policeman Berg were thrown to the ground by the shock. They ran to the tenement house as soon as they had regained their feet. Other persons for blocks around had been overturned by the force of the explosion.

Just before they entered the house, still enveloped in a tremendous dust cloud, they met Policeman Sammons and McGarvey, both off duty. All four men entered in face of imminent peril.

They got most of the families out of the house with the aid of firemen who were called. Reserves from three stations, 100 men in all, had to be summoned to keep back the big crowds. 

Woods at the Scene. 

Police Commissioner Arthur Woods, Inspector Schmittberger, Deputy Commissioner Rubin, Inspector Cahalane, Borough President Marks, officers of the Building Department, Fire Chief Kenlon, Coroner Helenstein with two Coroner physicians and a half dozen ambulances arrived within the half hour following the disaster.

What the first comers saw when, after five full minutes, the dust had swept aside, was half of a six story tenement still standing. The south half toward 102d street, had apparently vanished in air. The part of the house which remained standing was throbbing and swaying.

On a front fire escape on the fourth floor hung the body of a man, his head caught between two iron scantlings. This was Arthur Caron. On the sixth floor—or what was left of it—under a heap of debris lay the body of Mary Chavez, with whom Caron boarded. Next door to the tenement is a little red brick church, the German Evangelical edifice of the neighborhood. An iron pipe eleven feet long had pierced its room and shattered a pew inside.

In the midst of the wreckage a man’s straw hat dangled from a front fire escape. A cheerful canary piped and trilled indoors. Its song was interrupted by screams of women.

Arthur Caron was not identified until his body had been lifted from the fire escape and taken to the East 104th street station. In his packets were found skeleton keys and a note book containing the names and addresses of several women in Lowell and Lawrence, Mass. It contained also the name of Leonard Abbott, head of the Free Speech League. This lead to the identification. Newspaper men who have had occasion to follow the doings of the I.W.W. and the anarchists here and at Tarrytown recognized the body.

It appears that Caron boarded with the Chavez family. An Anarchist known as “Mike” Murphy, a young fellow with black hair and quick wits, is probably the only person who can tell what Caron was doing at the time of the explosion. 

A “Miraculous Escape.” 

Murphy had what Assistant District Attorney Rubin called “a miraculous escaped—only work for it.” When the corner of the building was obliterated at one stroke and Caron was flung to his death below Murphy sank right down with the debris, landing in a heap of it near the ground in a [little] pocket which saved him from anything worse than a severe jolting.

He went to the police station, identified Caron’s body and left to tell Alexander Berkman. Berkman told Murphy to go over to the anarchist picnic at Westfield, N.J. where Leonard Abbott and others of the Tarrytown raiders were assembled, to tell them the news. That was why, when the police recognized the dead man as an I.W.W. leader and began hastily looking for Murphy, alert young Mike was some distance away. We will be brought to the city and questioned as soon as possible.

The police do not hesitate to say that they believe Caron had a large quantity of dynamite stored in his room, perhaps for use at Tarrytown. They figure that Caron was either making some of it up into a bomb or handling it in some way when it exploded.

Inspector Owen Eagan, the explosive expert and chief of the Bureau of Combustibles, who surveyed the tenement directly after the explosion, said that it was undoubtedly caused by dynamite in a large quantity. 

Eagen Explains Theory. 

“Dynamite explodes downward,” Eagen explained. “The resistance of the air above causes that. Here there was half a boxful of the stuff on the top floor or just under the roof, maybe, and something set it off. Half a boxful of dynamite is a quantity you don’t often find outside an explosive factory or a storeroom for blasting purposes. The box would be about the size of a beer case. 

“When the stuff exploded its force was exerted directly downward and it made dust of the building from the sixth floor down to the third on that corner of the house. You can see that none of the force was exerted sideways—the other half of the house is only slightly shattered and the wall of the six story tenement adjoining on the south is almost unmarred.

“The only possible conclusion is that some one was making, or was going to make, high explosive bombs.

The Building Department investigated as soon as the firemen were through with a preliminary survey and decided that after shoring and bracing Lexington avenue surface cars might operate safely in front of the wrecked house. Pedestrians were still to be barred from the block. The tenement, which is owned by the Taxpayers Realty Company, will eventually have to be demolished, it is thought. It was of the new construction, erected since 1902.

As soon as the police learned the identity of Arthur Caron and the nature of the explosion they sent around to the Ferrer School to get all of Caron’s acquaintances they could. The Ferrer School is closed and the police learned that many members of the Francisco Ferrer Association had gone to Westfield, N.J. on the anarchist picnic. Julius Salmon, who totes the soap box which is the rostrum at anarchist meetings and peddles Mother Earth, Berkman’s magazine, at such meetings, was found and taken to the East 104th street station to be questioned by the Assistant District Attorney Deuel and Deputy Police Commissioner Rubin.

Salmon said he knew Caron, of course from talking with him at the anarchist street meeting and meeting him elsewhere, but he was not well acquainted with him and had never heard or thought of Caron as a possible dynamiter. 

Caron Awaiting Trial. 

“We had a meeting at the Ferrer School last night at which Caron was present,” Salmon said. “It was a meeting of all the Tarrytown prisoners and their friends to discuss going up to the trials at Tarrytown on July 11, next Saturday. The cases of Caron and others arrested there for their street meeting to denounce the Rockefellers come up next Saturday.

“We just talked over the prospects of the trials and how we should all get up there and that was all the meeting was about. There was no talk or hint of violence at Tarrytown or elsewhere.”

Marie Ganz, who had just been let out of Queens County Jail in the morning her sixty-day sentence expiring was next examined.

“Of course I knew Arthur Caron,” she said. “I have known Arthur since the unemployed agitation last winter. I didn’t know him before, didn’t know him closely, and know hardly anything about his earlier life.

“He was just a working man when he got into this agitation. Once he told me that he had lost his mother, his wife, and his child, one right after the other, in a short time. This blow first stunned and then embittered him. Then he lost his job and couldn’t get another. He began to attend unemployed meetings and became a speaker at some of them and it was there I first met him.

“I had never visited him in his home. He was a quiet fellow but not a dynamiter. When wrought up he spoke bitterly, but that was the end of it.” 

Protégé of Upton Sinclair. 

At this point Upton Sinclair’s description of Arthur Caron who was one of Sinclair’s protégés, was recalled. Sinclair spoke enthusiastically of Caron to a Sun Reporter at Tarrytown one night recently.

“Arthur Caron,” said Sinclair. “was just a plain working boy who had no part in the unemployed or other agitations until the day of that meeting in Union Square, where the police attacked the I.W.W.

“Caron was crossing the square and saw a policeman smashing ‘Wild Joe’ O’Carroll over the head with his club. This sight made Caron nearly frantic. He ran over to the policeman and O’Carroll and cried out: “What are you doing to that man? What are you doing that for? Let him go!”

“Another policeman seized Caron and struck him in the face with his club. This blow smashed Caron’s nose and he was in the hospital for some time. 

“That made him an embittered man and an agitator.” 

Berkman Identifies Bodies. 

Alexander Berkman came to the East 104th street station of his own accord and was questioned by Commissioner Rubin and Assistant District Attorney Deuel. It was about 3 o’clock when he arrived. He identified the body of Caron and later that of Hanson. Berkman said he was pretty certain of his identification.

Berkman told Mr. Rubin that Miss Louise Berger had come to his house, the Mother Earth headquarters, at 74 West 119th street, about 9 o’clock in the morning and talked with him about the Tarrytown plans for tomorrow. Some one called up, he said, it might have been Mike Murphy, and told him about the explosion. Later Berkman said he telephoned to the Francisco Ferrer School and told Murphy to go out to Leonard D. Abbott, who was at his country place at Westfield, N.J. and tell him about the death of Caron.

Abbott had planned to give a picnic yesterday at Westfield to the anarchists, I.W.W.s and the Tarrytown prisoners at which plans for the demonstration at the Rockefeller’s home town were to be discussed. Berkman and Murphy told him he thought it was a subway explosion in the street which had wrecked the house.

Berkman was very frank in his story of the meeting on Friday night at the Ferrer School. He was entirely composed and emphatically declared that it was intended to employ no force in Tarrytown. The meeting, he said, was held in the upper floor of the school after a lecture in the courtyard on single tax. Caron, Murphy, Abbott, Beckie Edelsohn, Berg, Louise Berger, the prisoners and other sympathizers were present and ways and means of defending the prisoners at their trials tomorrow were laid out. They also had a telephonic conference with their counsel. Justus Scheffield, during the meeting.

It adjourned soon after midnight, but most of the conferees went to a café at Lexington avenue and 114th street, Berkman said and had some drinks and more discussion. A few girls were there, too, Berkman did not stay long as he had business to attend to. It was after 1 o’clock when the second meeting broke up.

The plans for tomorrow, according to Berkman, were these: The defendants were to go up to Hastings about 7:30 in the morning and thence to Tarrytown by train, because that was the cheapest way. It was to be a peaceful demonstration. Berkman said they intended to wait for the outcome of the trials before making any other demonstration.

“Did you plan to take any ammunition of any kind with you?” asked Mr. Rubin.

Berkman fiddled with his cane, looked angry and declared that the question was an insult to his intelligence, but when pinned down to an answer replied “No.” 

Denies Threats at Tarrytown. 

Berkman denied that he had ever made any threats to Tarrytown authorities, but admitted sending wires to authorities in Paterson, N.J., expressing sentiments of a meeting called to consider possible jail sentences of agitators in that city.

Berkman was then asked to look at the parts of the body which had been picked up from nearby roofs and the sidewalk at the 103d street. He was being examined in the detectives’ room in the rear of the station house above the pen. He went downstairs to where the three bodies were laid out covered with sheets in the station house prison and when he returned declared he was pretty certain from the hair and size of the body that it was Carl Hanson’s. The police were satisfied with this identification.

About the same time that Berkman reached the station, Miss Louise Berger, Hanson’s stepsister, who lived with the “boys” and escaped the explosion by just 14 minutes came to the station house with Miss Eleanor Fitzgerald of 79 West 114th street, a teacher in the Ferrer School, who was at the Mother Earth office with Miss Berger and Berkman when news of the explosion was received.

When Miss Berger saw Caron’s body she exclaimed, “My God, it’s Arthur!” and fainted. The police did not let her see the fragments of Hanson’s bod. The woman, who is thirty-two years old and looks worn and worried, had to be supported by Miss Fitzgerald while she sat in the chair in the detectives’ room with Mr. Rubin and Mr. Deuel. She spoke in a soft low tone. 

Tells of Morning in Flat 

Miss Berger told Mr. Rubin that it was late when Berg, Hanson, Caron, and Murphy returned from the meeting. She was in bed. She slept in one of the two bedrooms and the four men in the other. The arrangement that night was Caron and Berg on the floor and Murphy and Hanson in the bed. She got up before eight o’clock with her brother and got the breakfast. She had hers, but the others who were all dressed, she said, did not eat, but went back to bed and were asleep, she thought before she left. She left about five minutes to nine and went to the Mother Earth office. She reached there just a few minutes before the explosion.

Mr. Rubin questioned Miss Berger about the apartment and its contents, but she declared she had seen no dynamite and no revolvers in the three rooms which the five of them occupied. She never went through the men’s pockets, she said. She said she had planned to go to Tarrytown with the rest of “the boys.” Caron, she said, was teaching her English, which language she could not speak very well. 

Sinclair Disclaims Caron. 

Upton Sinclair, whose protégé Caron was believed to be, because at several Tarrytown meetings Sinclair was loud in his praise of Caron, last night denied that Caron was his protégé, but admitted that he had taken great interest in him after the silent parade in front of 26 Broadway.

“For God’s sake!” exclaimed Sinclair when told Caron had been killed by his own dynamite. 

“I don’t know what to think. What can I say. I did not know the bunch in Caron’s apartment. I know him. He was with us at 26 Broadway, but I am loath to believe that he contemplated violence. If Caron was doing anything of that sort it was of his own accord. He did not impress me that way. He has been up here to see me and my wife and he assured us that he would follow the peaceful method to obtain free speech in Tarrytown. If I thought he was planning anything like force I would have had nothing to do with him. But I suppose when he was beaten up lately at Tarrytown he became embittered.”

Caron had among other names in the little note book found in his pocket the names and addresses of Mrs. Upton Sinclair, Leonard Abbot and others prominent in the free speech and I.W.W. agitation.

Marie Ganz, who just got out of jail yesterday morning after serving her two months for threatening John D. Rockefeller at a meeting denied all knowledge of the causes leading up to the explosion. She seemed to be at the outs with leaders of the anarchist and I.W.W. movement, because they had deserted her in the Queens county jail.

Joseph O’Brien, secretary of the International Workers Defence League of the anarchists and I.W.W., which aided in the defence of Caron and another man arrested during the I.W.W. demonstrations, especially at Union Square, where Wild Joe O’Carroll and Caron were beaten up, also had a denial to make.

“I am positive,” he said, “that there was no understanding between the I.W.W. leaders or representatives that bombs were to be made or thrown. The I.W.W. is opposed to bomb throwing. If shocked and surprised me when I heard what had happened to Caron, and if he was really employed in making the bomb it was a matter for his own soul and conscience.

There was no plot to blow up any of the Rockefeller family, and the I.W.W. is as much opposed to anything of the kind as the Police Commissioner could be. From my knowledge of Caron no one could be further removed from the idea of dynamiting than he was, and this makes the manner of his death more remarkable to me.”

As soon as the knowledge of the explosion spread, the Ferrer School shut up tight, and when the police went there looking for some of the leaders no one was to be found. Mother Earth headquarters at 74 West 119th street, also closed up soon after.

It was just light enough to see last enough to see last night when Assistant District Attorney Deuel, Inspector Cahalane and Capt. Jones led the way down the broken stairways of the wrecked building with Detective William Cruise in their wake caring grewsome [sic] bundles wrapped in newspapers.

Great crowds stood still on the top of the steep incline at 102d street and the corner to the north also was jammed with men, women and children who pressed against the police lines until late last night. Men from the Building Department and policemen were left in charge of the building with orders to admit no one until the police and county officers return this morning to resume the work of digging for evidence or parts of bodies in the debris on the top floors.